How to Start Recycling At Home

✔ The UK recycles just 45% of its waste

✔ Increasing this recycling rate would save million of tonnes of CO2e

✔ Composting is the most environmentally friendly way to reduce food waste

Recycling is a simple way to fight climate change and reduce waste.

Landfills in the UK release 14.2 million tonnes of CO2e* per year – the equivalent of 2.7 million people’s emissions – transforming resources that could be reused into perpetrators of climate chaos.

The UK currently recycles less of its waste than Slovenia, Taiwan, and Austria, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

In food waste alone, 9.52 million tonnes is squandered each year – but you can help to change all of that.

And we’re going to explain how.

* carbon dioxide equivalent, a measurement that converts all greenhouse emissions into CO2 terms

What’s on this page?

01 Recycling at home checklist
02 What can and can’t you recycle?
03 Card and cardboard
04 Metal
05 Paper

06 Plastic
07 Organic waste
08 Clothes
09 Batteries
10 Next steps

Recycling at home checklist

Before you start making the world a better place from your own home, you should ensure you're familiar with all the ways to make it as easy as possible.

So here’s everything you need to do, in four simple steps:

⬜ Enter your postcode on Recycle Now, a government-supported, charity-run initiative that will tell you what, how, and where you can recycle rubbish in your local area.

⬜ With these local capabilities in mind, make a list that shows what you can and can’t recycle, and put it above or on every bin you own. This’ll make it easy for everyone in your home to recycle.

⬜ Make sure you have an indoor recycling point. Whatever your situation, make sure there’s at least one place where all members of your household can drop recycling.

⬜ Ensure your recycling is relatively clean, dry, and empty.

What things can and can’t you recycle at home?

Recycling rules can be hard to navigate, but with a little help, the whole process becomes easy enough.

Here’s a guide to what is and isn’t allowed into UK recycling plants, and some quick tips on what you’ll need to do to make sure your recyclables are accepted.

And remember: if you have old items with practical uses, like gardening tools, kitchenware, or children’s toys, you can recycle them by giving them to someone else, or to a charity shop.

How to recycle card and cardboard

Remove tape, polystyrene, and any plastic from cardboard packaging
Remove any glitter, badges, or batteries from greeting cards
You can also compost egg boxes, kitchen towel rolls, and toilet rolls

Yes	No
Cardboard envelopes and boxes (e.g. delivery boxes and cereal boxes)	Card stained with food, grease, paint, dirt, etc.
Corrugated cardboard	Food and drink cartons (except Tetra Paks)
Greetings cards without glitter	Greetings cards with glitter
Egg boxes
Brown paper

How to recycle metal

Empty and clean out anything with food or drink
You can leave labels on, as they’re removed later in the process
Leave metal lids and caps on glass containers to be recycled with glass

Yes	No
Cans of drink	Laminated foil (if it springs back when you scrunch it up, it can’t be recycled)
Food tins, including biscuit and chocolate tins	Crisp packets and sweet wrappers
Aerosols (but recycle plastic caps with plastics)	Metal containers for chemicals (e.g. engine oil, paint, and white spirits)
Aluminium foil (but scrunch it up to reduce space)	Kitchen gear (e.g. cutlery, pots, and pans)
Aluminium foil trays	Kettles, irons, pipes
Aluminium tubes (but recycle plastic caps with plastics)	White goods (e.g. fridges and dishwashers)

How to recycle paper

Just like foil, if you scrunch up paper and it doesn't spring back, it can be recycled
Remove any plastic wrapping
Try to keep paper unstained, as its only recyclable if it’s clean

Yes	No
Brochures, catalogues, and magazines	Wallpaper
Brown paper, but put it with card	Sticky papers like post-it notes
Envelopes (including ones with a window)	Paper stained with food, grease, paint, dirt, etc.
Junk mail and flyers	Used paper towels
Newspapers	Anything that’s not actually paper (e.g. sanitary towels, tissues, and wet wipes)
Shredded paper
Telephone directories
White paper

How to recycle plastic

Put plastic lids back on bottles and push straws back into cartons, to ensure they make it through the recycling process
Squash plastic bottles as much as you can, to save space and stop them rolling off sorting conveyor belts
Clean out your plastic recycling. It doesn’t have to be completely spotless, but a stray half-container of peanut butter or orange juice can spill and contaminate an entire load
Leave any labels on
A useful general rule is that if you can stretch it, it can be recycled
You can recycle anything which has the familiar looping triangle of arrows containing a four, but don’t recycle anything that has a three or five inside the triangle

Want to learn more about what plastic recycling symbols mean? Read our handy guide.

Plastic bottles

Yes	No
Clear and coloured household plastic bottles	Plastic bottles that have contained dangerous chemicals (e.g. antifreeze)
Detergent and soap bottles (but not the pump)
Detergent and soap bottles (but not the pump)
Cleaning product bottles (the spraying mechanism can be left in)
Skin care bottles
Shampoo and shower gel bottles
Drinks bottles (including fizzy drinks)
Milk bottles
Plant food and pesticide bottles

Want more plastic bottle facts? Check out our article on plastic bottle waste.

Plastic film

Yes	No
All plastic bags, except biodegradable and compostable bags	Cling film
Bread bags	Food and drink pouches
Cereal bags	Bakery wrappers
Shrink wrap and ring joiners in drink multipacks	Film lids from trays and pots (e.g. yoghurt pots)
Frozen food bags	Crisp packets
Bags that cover new or dry-cleaned clothes	Compostable bags (compost them instead)
Magazine and newspaper wrappers	Biodegradable film
Fruit and vegetable bags	Ready-made salad bags
Bubble wrap

How to recycle organic waste

Ask your local authority if they can give you a kitchen caddy to collect food waste, and put cooked or raw food scraps in there
Also ask your local authority for a garden waste bin, and follow any specific instructions they give you for it
If you don’t get a special garden waste bag, use a stronger bag than a black bin liner, and avoid overfilling it – this way, it won’t tear, and you can use it again
Remove all packaging from food waste – particularly plastic
If you can compost at home, do it – it’s the most environmentally friendly option

Food waste

Yes	No
All food, even if it’s mouldy or out-of-date	Liquids (e.g. milk), as they can leak during transportation
Tea bags and coffee grounds
Inedible/rarely eaten food by-products (e.g. egg shells, fish and meat bones, and fruit and vegetable peelings)
Small amounts of cooking oil and fats – not enough that it could leak (throw the rest in the bin)

Garden waste

Yes	No
Grass and leaves	Anything inorganic (e.g. tools)
Flowers and weeds
Tree bark
Twigs and pruned branches
Homegrown fruit and vegetables

How to recycle clothes

All clothes can be recycled, either so other people can wear them, or so they can be turned into different items like blankets, cloths, and seat padding
Check if your local authority collects clothes to recycle them
If not, look up your nearest recycling point or clothing and textile banks, which are usually in car parks and outside supermarkets and retailers
You can also use the Charity Retail Association’s search tool to find your nearest charity shop that accepts clothes
Some charities like the British Heart Foundation will even come to your home to collect clothes

Yes	No
All clothing, in whatever state

How to recycle batteries

Check if your council collects batteries with the rest of your recycling
In most cases, you’ll have to drop them off at a recycling centre or collection point
Use rechargeable batteries powered by renewable energy whenever possible

Yes	No
All batteries in your home, including the ones in watches, laptops, mobiles, power tools, and remote controls
Car batteries (take them to a collection point)

Next steps

Recycling is an important step in the process of fighting climate change from home. If everyone recycled, we’d eliminate millions more tonnes of greenhouse gases.

But like so many other massive processes, it’s imperfect.

For instance, plastic can only be recycled once or twice before it loses its structure entirely, so as well as recycling it, try to avoid buying plastic as much as possible.

And just because you put your waste in the recycling, doesn’t mean it’ll be recycled. 11% of the rubbish collected for recycling every year is burned in incinerators that release 12.6 million tonnes of CO2 annually.

So recycle as much as possible, but take further steps as well: switch to a green energy supplier if you can, consider getting solar panels, and follow our tips to use less electricity and water. Read more: Are Solar Panels Worth It?